![]() This article focuses mainly on the choroid plexuses. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is separated from the blood by barriers located at the choroid plexuses and at the arachnoid membrane situated downstream of CSF flow. ![]() The choroid plexuses, therefore, deserve more attention while investigating the pathophysiology of CNS diseases and related comorbidities. Finally, their role in the control of immune cell traffic between the blood and the CSF confers on the choroid plexuses a function in neuroimmune regulation and implicates them in neuroinflammation. By sensing both physiological changes in brain homeostasis and peripheral or central insults such as inflammation, they also act as sentinels for the CNS. In these contexts, the choroid plexuses are an important source of biologically active molecules involved in brain development, stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and brain repair. The CSF circulation plays an important role in volume transmission within the developing and adult brain, and CSF compartments are key to the immune surveillance of the CNS. They form a neuroprotective barrier preventing the accumulation of noxious compounds into the CSF and brain, and secrete CSF, which participates in the maintenance of a stable CNS internal environment. At the interface between two circulating fluids, these richly vascularized veil-like structures display a peculiar morphology explained by their developmental origin, and fulfill several functions essential for CNS homeostasis. The barrier between the blood and the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is located at the choroid plexuses.
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